Module 7: Malware Threats

Section 1: Malware Concepts

Malware is software that is intentionally designed to cause disruption to a computer or server.

Main Types

• Viruses: Self-replicating programs that attach to files
• Worms: Standalone malware that spreads across networks
• Trojans: Malware disguised as legitimate software
• Ransomware: Encrypts files and demands payment
• Spyware: Secretly monitors user activity
• Rootkits: Provides privileged access while hiding presence
• Fileless Malware: Operates in memory without writing to disk
• APTs: Advanced Persistent Threats - long-term targeted attacks